Aluminium ifite uruziga rw'ubuzima ibindi byuma bike bishobora guhura.Irwanya ruswa kandi irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi, bisaba igice gito cyingufu zikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma byibanze.
Ibi bituma aluminiyumu ari ibikoresho byiza - byahinduwe kandi bigasubirwamo kugirango bikemure ibikenewe nibibazo byibihe bitandukanye nibicuruzwa.
Urunigi rw'agaciro
1. Ubucukuzi bwa Bauxite
Umusaruro wa aluminiyumu utangirana nibikoresho fatizo bauxite, irimo aluminium 15-25% kandi usanga ahanini mu mukandara uzengurutse ekwateri.Hano hari toni zigera kuri miliyari 29 zububiko buzwi bwa bauxite kandi ku kigero kiriho cyo kuvoma, ibyo bigega bizatumara imyaka irenga 100.Hariho, ariko, ibikoresho byinshi bitavumbuwe bishobora kugeza imyaka 250-340.
2. Gutunganya Alumina
Ukoresheje inzira ya Bayer, alumina (oxyde ya aluminium) ikurwa muri bauxite mu ruganda.Alumina noneho ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma byibanze ku kigereranyo cya 2: 1 (toni 2 za alumina = toni 1 ya aluminium).
3. Umusaruro wibanze wa aluminium
Atome ya aluminium muri alumina ihujwe na ogisijeni kandi igomba kumeneka na electrolysis kugirango ikore ibyuma bya aluminium.Ibi bikorwa mumirongo minini yumusaruro kandi ni inzira isaba ingufu zisaba amashanyarazi menshi.Gukoresha imbaraga zishobora kuvugururwa no gukomeza kunoza uburyo bwacu bwo kubyaza umusaruro nuburyo bwingenzi kugirango dusohoze intego yacu yo kutagira aho tubogamiye mubuzima bwa 2020.
4. Guhimba aluminium
Hydro itanga isoko hamwe na toni zisaga miriyoni 3 z'ibicuruzwa bya aluminium casthouse buri mwaka, bigatuma tugira isoko rya mbere mu gutanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, impapuro zangiza, ibishishwa bivangwa na aluminiyumu ifite isuku nyinshi kandi ku isi hose.Ikoreshwa rya aluminiyumu yibanze ni ugusohora, kuzunguruka no gutara:
4.1 Gukuramo aluminium
Extrusion yemerera gukora aluminiyumu muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose umuntu yatekereza ukoresheje imyiteguro yateguwe cyangwa idoda.
4.2
Ifu ya aluminium ukoresha mugikoni cyawe ni urugero rwiza rwibicuruzwa bya aluminiyumu.Urebye ububi bwayo bukabije, aluminiyumu irashobora kuzunguruka kuva kuri cm 60 ikagera kuri mm 2 hanyuma igatunganyirizwa mu ifu yoroheje nka mm 0.006 kandi ntigishobora kwinjizwa rwose n’umucyo, impumuro nziza nuburyohe.
4.3
Gukora ibinyobwa hamwe nibindi byuma bihindura imiterere ya aluminium, ukongeramo imbaraga, ubwiza na / cyangwa guhindagurika.Ibicuruzwa byacu bya casthouse, nkibikoresho byo gukuramo ibicuruzwa, impapuro zometseho, ibishishwa bivangwa, insinga hamwe na aluminiyumu yera cyane, bikoreshwa mumodoka, ubwikorezi, inyubako, guhererekanya ubushyuhe, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nindege.
5. Gusubiramo
Gusubiramo aluminiyumu ikoresha 5% gusa yingufu zisabwa mugukora ibyuma byibanze.Nanone, aluminiyumu ntabwo yangirika mu gutunganya kandi hafi 75% ya aluminiyumu yigeze ikorwa iracyakoreshwa.Intego yacu nukuzamuka byihuse kuruta isoko mugutunganya no gufata umwanya wambere mugutunganya igice cyumucyo wa aluminiyumu, kugarura toni miliyoni 1 yumwanda wanduye na nyuma yumuguzi wa aluminium buri mwaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-02-2022