Ibintu bidukikije bigira ingaruka kumpapuro

Ibintu bidukikije bigira ingaruka kumpapuro

Guhura nubwoko butandukanye bwo gutwikira, twahitamo dute?Reka ntangire ibintu byinshi bidukikije bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yimbaho ​​zisize amabara.

1. Ubushyuhe
Igipfundikizo kiroroshye koroshya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi uburyo bwo kwangirika biroroshye kubyubahiriza.Biroroshye kwinjira muri substrate, umwuka wa ogisijeni uri mumazi uziyongera mubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi umuvuduko wa ruswa uziyongera mubushyuhe runaka.

Ubushuhe
Kwangirika kwa substrate mugukata no gutunganya ibyangiritse bisize amabara ni ibya ruswa yamashanyarazi, kandi ubuhehere buke ntabwo byoroshye gukora bateri yangirika (ni ukuvuga amashanyarazi ya chimique).

3, Itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yumunsi nijoro
Itandukaniro rinini ryubushyuhe riroroshye guhundagurika, bigakora imiterere ya galvanic yangirika kumyuma yambaye ubusa.Byongeye kandi, itandukaniro rinini ryubushyuhe naryo riganisha ku guhinduka gukonje nubushyuhe bukabije bwikibiriti, bizihutisha gusaza no kwidegembya kwifuniko, kandi uburyo bwo kwangirika bwo hanze bwinjira muburyo bworoshye.

4. Igihe cyizuba nimbaraga
Icyerekezo n'ahantu hahanamye bigira ingaruka kumirasire y'izuba bityo kuramba.Umusozi ugira ingaruka kandi mugihe cyo gutuza itangazamakuru ryangirika cyangwa umukungugu ku cyuma.Imirasire y'izuba ni imirasire ya electromagnetique, igabanijwemo imirasire ya gamma, X-imirasire, imirasire ya ultraviolet, urumuri rugaragara, imirasire yimirasire, imirasire ya microwave hamwe numurongo wa radio ukurikije imbaraga zabo ninshuro.Imiraba hamwe na radio imiraba ifite imbaraga nke kandi ntishobora gukorana nibintu.Infrared nayo ni ingufu nkeya.Irashobora kurambura cyangwa kugoreka imiti ihuza ibintu, ariko ntishobora kubimena.Umucyo ugaragara utanga ibintu byose amabara akungahaye.Imirasire ya UV ni imirasire yumurongo mwinshi, ifite imbaraga zo gusenya kuruta ingufu nkeya.Nkuko tubizi, ibibara byijimye byuruhu na kanseri yuruhu biterwa nimirasire yizuba ultraviolet.Mu buryo nk'ubwo, UV irashobora kandi guca imiti ihuza ibintu, bigatuma ivunika.Ibi biterwa nuburebure bwa UV hamwe nimbaraga za chimique yibintu.Imirasire X ifite ingaruka zinjira.Imirasire ya gamma irashobora guca imiti ihuza ibintu kandi ikabyara ion yubusa.Ibi byica ibintu kama.Kubwamahirwe, iyi mirasire ni mike cyane kumurasire yizuba.Kubwibyo, birashobora kugaragara uhereye hejuru ko igihe cyizuba nuburemere bigira ingaruka kumiterere yimiterere, cyane cyane mubice bifite imirasire ikomeye ya ultraviolet.

5. Imvura na aside
Acide yimvura ntagushidikanya kubangamira ruswa.Ariko, imvura igira ingaruka ebyiri.Kubibaho byurukuta hamwe nibisenge bifite ahantu hahanamye, imvura irashobora kweza hejuru yicyuma kandi igahanagura ibicuruzwa byangirika.Nyamara, kubisenge hejuru yinzu ifite ahantu hahanamye hamwe n’ahantu hafite amazi mabi, imvura nini izaba yoroshye gutera ruswa kwiyongera.

6. Icyerekezo cy'umuyaga n'umuvuduko
Ingaruka zicyerekezo cyumuyaga n'umuvuduko wumuyaga bisa nkamazi, kandi akenshi biherekejwe.Ni ikizamini cyo guhuza ibikoresho, kuko umuyaga uzatera guhuza kugabanuka kandi amazi yimvura azinjira mumbere yinyubako.

7. Kwangirika no gutembera
Kurugero, ioni ya chloride, dioxyde de sulfure, nibindi bigira ingaruka yihuta kuri ruswa, kandi iyi myanda ahanini ibera kumyanyanja ndetse no mubice bifite umwanda ukabije winganda (nk'amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, nibindi).